Weaving shuttle



H. SUMMA 2,@33,

WEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May 15, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet l W, 1936. H. sUMMA2:03355@ WEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May 15, 1953 7 sheets-sheet 2 10, 1936..H. SUMMA @3395 WEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May 15, 1933 7 sheets-sheet 5 March1o, 1936.. H SUMMA y 2,033,555

WEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May l5,l 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 l H. SUMMA y wwwWEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May l5, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 1m, m36., H. SUMMA2?@33955@ WEAVING SHUTTLE Filed May 15, 1933 7 sheets-sheet 'f WfwwwvPatented Mar. 1l), 1936 y UNITED STATES EATET OFFICE WEAVING SHUTTLEHans Summa, Schwarzenbach-on-the-Saale, Germany Application May 15,1933, Serial No. 671,215 In Germany March 10, 1933 7 Claims. (Cl.139-223) This invention relates to weaving shuttles wedge is in such aposition that it secures the which have a slot passing to the thread eyefrom thread in its whole course in the shuttle, that is, the front upperpart obliquely towards the rear. from the bobbin to the place where itemerges A slot, so directed, makes it possible toi introduce from theo'uter thread eye.

the thread into the outer thread eye with the It is advantageous so toarrange one of the as- 5' simplest of movements. All that is required,is sociated edges that it is at the entrance and the to pull the thread,as is necessary in any case, for other so that it is at the exit of theslot leading unwinding said thread oil" from the shuttle, first to theouter thread eye. forwardly in the direction of the axis of the Inarranging the surfaces of the wedges and the 10 shuttle, and then in theopposite direction, dewires as guides for the thread during the thread-1d fleeting the thread sideways at the same time. ing operation, caremust be taken that the chang- These movements are imparted to the threadin ing from the one to the other takes place without the course of thefirst two working strokes of an impediment. automatic shuttle exchangedevice, so that a This is obtained by so arranging the wires thatshuttle having a slot located in the above dethey conform with the sidesurfaces of the wedges 15 scribed direction is particularly well suitedfor and emerge at their edges. In this arrangement, use in such anautomatic shuttle exchange device. each-of the two edges must beconcealed behind One of the principal characteristics of the the wireand for this purpose, must lie between shuttle according to the presentinvention is, that two' limiting surfaces which are defined exactly itsmanufacture is exceedingly simple and therefor both edges hereinafter.20 fore very economical because most of the parts One limiting surfacefor-the edge of one wedge which are concerned with the threading can beis described by the thread when it slides along worked out of the woodenbody of the shuttle the wire which protrudes from this edge from the andonly one or two wires of a very simple shape point of and below theshuttle, and the other are required. limiting surface is described whenthe thread is 25 According to the present invention the slot is pulledover the wire and over the oppositely arso arranged in relation to theouter thread eye ranged edge of the wooden part of the shuttle. that twowedges are formed in the wooden body Of the limiting surfaces of theother wedge, one of the shuttle, the edges of said wedges being loisdescribed when the thread slides along the wire cated in oppositedirection to each other and lofrom the inner thread eye above theshuttle, and 30 cated at a distance one from the other, the said theother when the thread slides along the wire wedges owing to their shapeand their arrangefrom the inner thread eye below the shuttle.

ment being particularly well suited for associa- It is a particularcharacteristic of the shuttle, tion with locking devices in the form ofthreader according to the present invention, that it can be points.designed both as an automatic and as a hand 35 As is known, the lockingeffect of the threader shuttle, since the wedges provided in thisimpoints is obtained because the said points coproved shuttle, as wellas their edges play a part operating with counter-supporting surfaces,bend in the threading in of the thread in either type the threadtemporarily into a Zig-Zag shape. of shuttle.

The contours of the edges of the wedges are If the wire with thethreader point is arranged 40 suitable for the above mentioned purpose,beon that edge of the wedge which is at the exit cause only a smallextension of these edges, by a of the slot which leads to the outerthread eye, short piece of wire having a very simple shape, is then,according to what has been stated above, required to form a threaderpoint. The counterthe result is a hand shuttle having the advantagesupporting surfaces are also formed out of the of absolutely reliablelocking of the thread in the 45 `body of the shuttle, like the edges ofthe wedges outer thread eye and consequently in the shuttle andconveniently can be formed as grooves in the as a whole, and having thefurther incidental border at the foot of each co-operating wedge intoadvantage that the tension of the thread is mainwhich the wiresprotrude. tained exactly the same during the weaving The position of theedges of the associated process. 50 wedges is suitable for thearrangement of the If the wedge which is at the entrance end of threaderpoints because the edge of one wedge is this slot is provided with thewire having the in such a position that the thread always comes threaderpoint, then, according to what has been within its region when it isdrawn of the shuttle stated above, the result will be a shuttle with anin the usual way, whilst the edge of the other automatic threadingdevice, which, if necessary, 55

can also be used as a hand shuttle, if the locking of the thread in theouter thread eye is deemed unnecessary.

If the edges of both wedges are provided with wires, then the resultwill be a shuttle with a threader, which both in the case of threadingby hand and when used in an automatic loom, offers the greatest securityfrom unthreading and also guarantees an entirely even tension of thethread during the weaving process.

In making a shuttle according to the present invention it is possible towork out of the wooden body of the shuttle, not only the above mentionedparts, but also the inner thread eye. In this case the latter is formedby an enlarged circular bore at the bottom of the groove leading fromthe shuttle chamber to the threader, or leading out of the brakechannel.

In the drawings:-

Figure 1 is an eleva-tion of a shuttle according to this invention inwhich only the edge of the wedge at the exit of the slot arranged inrelation to the outer thread eye is provided with a wire;

Figure 2 is a plan View of the shuttle illustrated in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the shuttle illustrated in Figures1 and 2;

Figure 4 is a transverse section of Figure 2 taken on the line A A ofthat figure;

Figure 5 is an elevation of a shuttle according to this invention inwhich only the edge of the wedge at the entrance of the slot which leadsto the outer thread eye is provided with a wire;

Figure 6 is a plan View of the shuttle illustrated in Figure 5;

Figure '7 is a longitudinal section of the shuttle illustrated inFigures 5 and 6;

Figure 8 is a transverse section of Figure 6;

Figure 9 is an elevation of a shuttle according to this invention inwhich the edge of the Wedge at the exit as well as the edge of the wedgeat the entrance of the slot which leads to the outer thread eye isprovided with a wire;

Figure 10 is a plan view of the shuttle illustrated in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section of the shuttle illustrated inFigures 9 and 10;

Figure 12 is a transverse section of Figure 6;

Figures 13a to 13h inclusive are plan views of a shuttle according tothis invention in which both the edges of the wedge are provided with awire and show the several consecutive positions occupied by the threadduring the threading operation;

Figures 14a to 14e inclusive are elevations of the shuttle illustratedin Figures 13a to 13C and show the several consecutive positionsoccupied by the thread during the threading operation;

Figure 15 is a transverse section of Figure 10 taken on the line B B ofthat gure and illustrates a modied form of the invention with a clamp;

As illustrated, the shuttle is provided with a centrally disposedshuttle chamber I in which is arranged a bobbin (not shown in thedrawings) from which the weft thread S proceeds. Connected with theshuttle chamber I is a channel 2, the inner sides of which are linedwith plush 3 which acts as a brake, and from this channel 2 there is agroove 4 leading to the threader.

At the bottom of the groove 4 is an enlarged circular bore which formsthe inner thread eye 5. From the thread eye the thread enters thethreader, which will be described hereinafter, then passes into theouter thread eye 6 which is also of circular shape and is formed in thewooden body of the shuttle and iinally leaves the shuttle. The innerthread eye is provided on one side, and the outer thread eye on bothsides, with pins 1 and 8, which prevent the weft thread from coming intocontact with, and cutting into, the wooden shuttle body.

A slot 9 leads towards the outer thread eye 6, said slot 9 beinginclined from the front upper part towards the rear and in a downwarddirection. Through this slot the weft thread passes into the outerthread eye if it is pulled off in the direction of the shuttle axis andtowards the front and deected sideways in an opposite direction.

According to the present invention, this slot 9 is so arranged inrelation to the outer thread eye 6 that two wedges I Il and I I areformed in the wooden body of the shuttle, said wedges I0 and I I havingthe edges I2 and I3 respectively, which face in opposite directions andwhich. whilst being parallel, are at some distance one from the other,the edge I2 of the wedge I0 is at the entrance of the slot 3 and theedge I3 of the wedge II is at the exit of the slot 9.

'Ihe contours of the edges I2 and I3 of the two Wedges are seen withparticular clearness in Figures 2, 6 and 10 and it will be observed thatwhilst the edge I3 has a considerable length, the edge I2 is shortenedto a narrow point.

By this arrangement the wedges and their edges are particularly wellsuited to contribute to the successful threading of the weft thread. Allthat is required is to arrange on one of the two edges or on both ofthem, a short wire with a threader point in order to ensure the completelocking of the threa As illustrated in Figures l to 4, the edge I3,which is at the exit end of the slot 9, is provided with a wire I5; asillustrated in Figures 5 to 8, the edge I Z is provided with a wire I4;whilst as illustrated in Figures 9 to 12 the edges I2 and I3 both areprovided with wires I 4 and I5 respectively.

It is known that wires of this kind lock the thread, in that they, inconjunction with countersupporting surfaces, bend the thread temporarilyinto a zig-zag shape. In the shuttle according to the present inventionthese counter-supporting surfaces are formed in the wooden body of theshuttle and form the edges of grooves into which the points of the wiresI4 and I5 protrude. The wire I4 protrudes into the groove I 6 having thecounter-supporting surface I 1, and the wire I5 protrudes into thegroove I8 having the countersupporting surface I9.

Care must be taken in the shaping of the wires and the wedges, so thatthe thread shall be able to pass from the wire to the wedge with theleast resistance possible.

This is ensured by arranging the two wires I4 and I5 on their respectivewedges I0 and II in such a way that, for part of their length, theyconform with the side surfaces of the wedges and emerge at their edgesand by so shaping the wooden wedges that their edges are concealedbehind the wires and lie between two limiting surfaces.

Figures 13 and 14 illustrate the process of automatic threading in itsseveral phases in the case of a shuttle in which the edges I2 and I3both are provided with wires I4 and I5, respectively.

At the rst working stroke of the loom the weft thread S is pulled overthe point of the shuttle (Figure 13a) and is guided to the point of thethreader wire I 4. For this purpose the latter is slightly inclinedtowards the point, as shown At this stage the'weft the threader wire I4and the counter-supporting surface Il which acts in conjunction with itand forms a locking bow for the thread (Figure 13h) The thread thenslips ofi" the threader point andtightens so that it is disposed beneaththe threader point and is thus prevented from unthreading (Figure 13e).

.At the second working stroke, which now follows, the thread is guidedround towards the rear end of the shuttle and thus forms a loop aroundthe wire I 4. During the further course of the threading process thisloop slides along the wire I4 towards the rear (Figure 13d) and at thesame time enters the slot Q, which leads obliquely downwards to theouter thread eye. The above described shape of the wire and the positionof the wedge edge ensure that the loop of thread, in the further courseof its movement, is guided by the wire I4 on to the wooden wedge Itwithout rubb-ing on the wood. The thread is then guided for a time bothby the Wire III and the wooden wedge Ii! (Figure 13e), a gradualloosening of the loop of thread taking place, until the loop is takenover by the wooden wedge (Figure 13j) without sudden impediment. Thefree end of the thread finally slides off the upper side of the shuttleand lies against its side as shown in Figure 14a.

In the course of the further downwards movement of the loop, the latterreaches the lower end of the slot 9 and rests on the wire I5 whichemerges from the edge I3 which is at the exit end of the slot (Figures13g and 14h) In this position the thread, in a way similar to that shownin Figure 13b, is bent in Zig-zag shape by the counter-supportingsurface I9, moves under the point 0i the wire I 5, tightens in a waysimilar to that shown in Figure 13e and finally slides along the lowerside of the wire I5 into the outer thread eye t (Figures 13h and 140)The thread is then completely entrapped by the wire I5, because itcannot move of its own accord in such a way that it can get in front ofthe point of the wire I5 and unthreading in any other way is impossible.

The elimination of one of the two wires I4 or I5 correspondinglysimplies the threading operation.

If the wire I is eliminated, as shown in Figures l to 4, then the threadis pulled by hand, instead of by the rst working stroke of the loom,over the point of the shuttle and then is deflected sideways by hand,instead of by the second working stroke, in such a way that the threadforms a loop round the wooden wedge Ii and slides along with one of itsends in the slot 9. In other words, the thread will move directly fromthe position shown in Figure 13a into that shown in Figure 13j. Afterthat, the operations proceed in the manner already described.

If the wire I5 is eliminated, as shown in Figures 5 to 8, then theprocess of threading will be exactly as illustrated in Figures 13a to13j inclusive, with this diierence, that the thread instead of lyingagainst the wire I5 during its further downward movement and thensliding along it, will enter the outer thread eye S directly, as shownin Figures 13h and lflc.

In the iirst of these two latter cases therefore, a hand shuttle isdescribed in which the thread is engaged in the outer thread eye in asimple and absolutely reliable way, it not being possible for the threadto slide upwards out of it, so that,

`for this reason it will have an unvarying tension during the weaving.

In the second case, an automatic shuttle of the simplest possible designis described, which can be used also as a hand shuttle if the locking inthe outer thread eye seems unnecessary. The movements which are broughtabout by the twoworking strokes in the automatic shuttle must then, ofcourse, be executed by hand.

If both the wires are used, then the shuttle can 'be employed either asa hand shuttle or as an automatic shuttle and oiers the greatestguarantee against unthreading also.

The two wires I@ and I5 are anchored in the wooden body of the shuttleby their ends being bent over at a right angle and inserted intocorresponding holes ZI bored in the wooden body of the shuttle. The hole2l for the wire Ill can pass through to the lower side of the shuttle ifdesired so that a punch may be inserted in it for removing the wire.

As a further means of holding the wire I4 rmly in position, a clamp 22as illustrated in Figure l5 can be used. This clamp is arrangedsuciently far towards the rear that it extends over the plush brake 3.It is bent downwards slightly at one end and the bevelled end restsagainst the upper edge of the plush pile. In this way the clamp producesa kind of weel or trap which the thread can pass without noticeableresistance if the thread is pulled towards the front. If, however, thethread should tend to move towards the rear, the plush pile at theentrance of the weel renders this impossible because the pile cannotfollow this movement and acts as a brake, as it were.

I claim:-

1. Weaving shuttle having in combination, a body part, a chamber in saidbody part for a weft thread bobbin, an inner thread eye, an outer threadeye, a plush lined channel constituting a thread brake, two juxtaposedwedges formed in said body part, oppositely disposed spaced obliqueedges on said wedges, a threader wire on one wedge, edges co-operatingwith the point of said threader wire to bend the weft thread temporarilyinto zig-zag shape, a clamp for said wire, and a bevelled end on saidclamp for delecting the pile of the plush.

2. A weaving shuttle including a body, inner and outer thread eyesthereon, said body being provided with a slot extending obliquely fromthe front upper part downwardly towards the rear and towards the outerthread eye to provide opposed wedges, a counter supporting surfaceprovided on the body adjacent one edge of one of the wedges, a wirecarried by the body adjacent the same edge of the wedge and cooperatingwith the counter-supporting surface to bend and guide the thread so thatthe latter is automatically moved to a position beneath the wire and thewire being so positioned relatively to the counter-supporting surface asto prevent accidental disengagement of the thread, said wire acting toguide the thread as the latter is moved along the edge of the wedge andsaid wire in addition protruding over and extending along said edge forconcealing the said edge.

3. A weaving shuttle as claimed in claim 2 wherein the countersupporting surface is in the form of a groove situated at the base ofthe corresponding wedge and into which groove the wire with its threaderpoint extends.

4. Weaving shuttle as claimed in claim 2 wherein two counter supportingsurfaces are provided said body also having a groove, a channel leadingfrom the chamber to the groove, said groove leading to the threader andthe inner thread eye being in the form of an enlarged bore at the bottomof the groove.

'7. Weaving shuttle as claimed in claim 2 comprising a clamp forsecuring the wire protruding from a wedge edge and a plush brake overwhich extends the bent over end of the clamp and thus forms therewith akind of weel for the thread.

HANS SUMMA.

